refactor(sorts): make odd_even_transposition_parallel sort any comparable items

[iosayin]

Part of #15234

Summary

Update odd_even_transposition_parallel.py to sort any comparable items rather than being untyped, using PEP 695 generic parameter syntax [T: Comparable] and a Comparable protocol.

• Adds Comparable protocol specifying __lt__.
• Updates odd_even_transposition signature to [T: Comparable](arr: list[T]) -> list[T].
• Existing doctests verify ints, strings, floats, booleans, and negative numbers.

[algorithms-keeper]

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