Type stalin sort for any comparable items

[shad0w0P]

Part of #15234

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Add or change doctests? -- Note: Please avoid changing both code and tests in a single pull request.
• Documentation change?

• Updated sorts/stalin_sort.py to support any comparable items via a Comparable protocol.
• Added type parameters and updated signature to def stalin_sort[T: Comparable](<sequence: list[T]>) -> list[T].
• Added doctests for floats, strings, and testing TypeError on mixed incomparable types.
• Added complexity analysis to docstrings.
• Added test_stalin_sort_comparable_items to tests/test_sorts.py.

Checklist

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• All new algorithms include at least one URL that points to Wikipedia or another similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues, then the description above includes the issue number(s) with a closing keyword: "Fixes #ISSUE-NUMBER".